Maxaad Baranaysaa Casharkaan?

Control Flow waa mid ka mid ah fikradaha ugu muhiimsan ee programming-ka. Waxay koogula shegtaa koodhka sida uu u socon lahaa — inuu go'aan gaaro (if/else), ama inuu soo noqnoqdo (loops).

📌 Waxaad baranaysaa: if/elif/else statements, for loops, while loops, break iyo continue, iyo mashruuc xirfad leh.

1. If / Else — Go'aanka

If statement waxay u shaqaysaa sidan: "Haddii xaaladan run tahay, samee tan. Haddaan run ahayn, samee tan kale."

# Qaabka aasaasiga ah
da = 18

if da >= 18:
    print("Waa qof weyn — waxaad codsan kartaa.")
else:
    print("Waa yar yahay — ma codsan kartid.")

# Natiijo: Waa qof weyn — waxaad codsan kartaa.

⚠️ Indentation — Muhiim! Python wuxuu isticmaalaa spaces (4 spaces ama 1 tab) si uu u ogaado waxay if-ta hoostiisa joogaan. Khalad indentation-ka wuxuu keenaa IndentationError.

elif — Xaalado Badan

dhibcaha = 85

if dhibcaha >= 90:
    daraja = "A"
elif dhibcaha >= 80:
    daraja = "B"
elif dhibcaha >= 70:
    daraja = "C"
elif dhibcaha >= 60:
    daraja = "D"
else:
    daraja = "Fail"

print(f"Darajadaadu waa: {daraja}")
# Natiijo: Darajadaadu waa: B

And / Or — Xaalado Labood

da = 20
waa_arday = True

# and: labadaba run ahaan lahaan
if da >= 18 and waa_arday:
    print("Arday weyn ah — geli kartaa.")

# or: mid keliya run ahaan
lacag = 500
if lacag > 1000 or waa_arday:
    print("Xaq u leh qiimaynta gaarka ah.")

2. For Loop — Ku celi xog liis

For loop waxay ku celi doontaa hawl tiro gaar ah oo jeer ah, ama waxay marto xog-koox (sida list) mid-mid.

# Ku celi magacyada
magacyada = ["Axmed", "Fadumo", "Cali", "Hodan"]

for magac in magacyada:
    print(f"Salaan, {magac}!")

# Natiijo:
# Salaan, Axmed!
# Salaan, Fadumo!
# Salaan, Cali!
# Salaan, Hodan!

range() — Ku celi tiro

# range(5) = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
for i in range(5):
    print(i)

# range(1, 6) = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
for i in range(1, 6):
    print(f"Tirinta: {i}")

# Isugeyn tirooyin
wadarta = 0
for i in range(1, 11):
    wadarta = wadarta + i
print(f"Wadarta 1-10: {wadarta}")  # 55

Enumerate — Index + Qiime

cashararada = ["Variables", "Control Flow", "Functions", "Bash"]

for lambarka, casharka in enumerate(cashararada, 1):
    print(f"{lambarka}. {casharka}")

# Natiijo:
# 1. Variables
# 2. Control Flow
# 3. Functions
# 4. Bash

3. While Loop — Ku celi ilaa xaalad

While loop waxay socotaa ilaa xaalad run tahay.

# Tirada 1 ilaa 5
tirada = 1
while tirada <= 5:
    print(tirada)
    tirada = tirada + 1  # ama: tirada += 1

# Natiijo: 1 2 3 4 5

💡 Xusuuso: Haddaad xaaladdaadu mar uun run noqon wayso, while loop-ka weligiis wuu socon doonaa (infinite loop). Xaqiijiso in variable-ka la beddelayo. Haddaad galto, Ctrl+C si aad u joojiso.

Input validation — Xaqiijinta Xog-Galka

# Ku sii waadi ilaa xog sax laga galiyo
while True:
    magac = input("Geli magacaaga (ugu yaraan 2 xaraf): ")
    if len(magac) >= 2:
        print(f"Ku soo dhowow, {magac}!")
        break  # Ka bax loop-ka
    else:
        print("Magacaagu waa gaaban yahay. Isku day mar kale.")

4. Break iyo Continue

# Break — ka bax loop-ka isla markiiba
for i in range(10):
    if i == 5:
        break  # Jooji marka i gaaro 5
    print(i)
# Natiijo: 0 1 2 3 4

# Continue — bood xigta, hadal-haynta ku sii wad
for i in range(10):
    if i % 2 == 0:  # Hadduu lambar labs ah
        continue    # Bood — ha daabacin
    print(i)
# Natiijo (tobanle odd ah): 1 3 5 7 9

Mashruuc: Ciyaarta Tiro Filanaysa

import random

print("=== CIYAARTA TIRADA ===")
tiro_qarsoodi = random.randint(1, 100)
isku_dayn = 0

while True:
    isku_dayn += 1
    jawaab_qoraal = input(f"Isku-dayo #{isku_dayn}: Geli tiro 1-100: ")
    jawaab = int(jawaab_qoraal)

    if jawaab < tiro_qarsoodi:
        print("📈 Tiro weynbaa!")
    elif jawaab > tiro_qarsoodi:
        print("📉 Tiro yaroba!")
    else:
        print(f"🎉 Saxsaxaa! Tiradu waxay ahayd {tiro_qarsoodi}.")
        print(f"Waxaad isugu dayday {isku_dayn} jeer.")
        break

🎉 Hambalyo! Waxaad dhammaystirtay Casharka 4aad — Heerka 1aad ee Koorsada! Hadda waxaad kari kartaa in koodhaagu go'aamo gaaro oo dib u soo noqdo. Casharka xiga waxaad bilaabaysaa Heerka 2aad: Automation — Bash Scripting!

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