Barashada Python – Casharka 5aad: Bash Scripting Af-Soomaali

Ku soo dhowow Heerka 2aad!

Hambalyo! Waxaad dhammaystirtay Heerka 1aad ee aasaaska. Hadda waxaad geli doontaa Heerka 2aad — Automation. Casharkaan wuxuu kugu barin doonaa Bash Scripting: habka aad ku qori karto scripts-ka si aad ugu otomaatigeyso hawlaha maalinlaha ah ee Linux.

📌 Waxaad baranaysaa: Bash waa maxay, sida loo sameeyo script-ka aasaasiga ah, variables Bash-ka, if/else Bash, for loops Bash, iyo mashruucyo dhabta ah oo faa'iido leh.

1. Bash waa maxay?

Bash (Bourne Again SHell) waa luuqad amarro-fur ah oo isticmaalaya Linux iyo macOS. Marka aad Terminal-ka furato oo amar geli, Bash ayaa qaata amarkaas oo u gudbiya nidaamka hawlgalka (OS).

Bash Script waa faylo ku jira amarrada Bash, oo aad samayn kartid inay si toos ah u socdaan — tani waa automation!

Faa'iidada Bash Scripting

🔁 Ku celi hawlaha si otomaatig ah halkii aad gacanta ku samayso
⏰ Jadwele hawlaha si ay u socdaan wakhtiga go'an
📁 Maamusho faylasha iyo galalka si dhakhso ah
🔐 Ku isticmaal cybersecurity (si aad ugu baarto barnaamijyada)
💼 Freelancing: Shaqooyin badan oo server management ah ayaa u baahan Bash

2. Script-kaagii Ugu Horeeyay

# 1. Samee faylka script
touch salaan.sh

# 2. Fur faylka oo geli koodhkan
nano salaan.sh

Ku qor faylka dhexdiisa:

#!/bin/bash
# Tani waa shebang line — waxay u sheegaysaa nidaamka inuu Bash isticmaalo

echo "Salaan, Adduunka!"
echo "Fadal Store — Bash Scripting Casharka 5aad"
echo "Taariikhda: $(date)"

Ka dibna u oggolow in la socodsiiyo oo socodsi:

# U oggolow fulinta (make executable)
chmod +x salaan.sh

# Socodsii
./salaan.sh

# Natiijo:
# Salaan, Adduunka!
# Fadal Store — Bash Scripting Casharka 5aad
# Taariikhda: Wed Apr 01 22:00:00 UTC 2026

💡 Shebang: Khadka #!/bin/bash ee hore waa muhiim — wuxuu nidaamka u sheegayaa hannaanka (interpreter) la isticmaalo. Weligaa ku bilow faylalahaaga .sh khadkan.

3. Variables Bash-ka

#!/bin/bash

# Samee variable (ma jiraan spaces = jilaha)
magac="Axmed"
da=22
magaalo="Hargeysa"

# Isticmaal variable ($ ku dar hore)
echo "Magacaygu waa: $magac"
echo "Waxaan jiraa: $da sano"
echo "Magaalada: $magaalo"

# Variable leh qiyaas-gudbiye
echo "Salaan, ${magac}Store!"  # Isticmaal {} xaaladdan

Input-ka Isticmaalaha

#!/bin/bash

echo "Magacaaga geli:"
read magac

echo "Ku soo dhowow, $magac!"
echo "Maanta waa: $(date +%A)"

4. If / Else Bash-ka

#!/bin/bash

da=20

if [ $da -ge 18 ]; then
    echo "Waa qof weyn — 18+ sano."
elif [ $da -ge 13 ]; then
    echo "Waa wiil yar/gabadh yar — 13-17."
else
    echo "Waa cunug yar."
fi

# Tixgali: -ge (>=), -le (<=), -gt (>), -lt (<), -eq (==), -ne (!=)

Hubi Faylka Jiritaankiisa

#!/bin/bash

faylka="/etc/passwd"

if [ -f "$faylka" ]; then
    echo "Faylka wuu jiraa: $faylka"
else
    echo "Faylka ma jiro."
fi

# Calaamadaha faylka:
# -f  : faylo caadi ah
# -d  : galka
# -e  : wax kasta (faylo ama gal)
# -r  : la akhrin karo
# -w  : la qori karo
# -x  : la socodsiin karo

5. For Loop Bash-ka

#!/bin/bash

# Loop tirooyin
for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
    echo "Tirinta: $i"
done

# Loop faylasha galka
for faylo in /home/*; do
    echo "Faylka: $faylo"
done

# Loop liis magacyo
magacyada=("Axmed" "Fadumo" "Cali" "Hodan")
for magac in "${magacyada[@]}"; do
    echo "Salaan, $magac!"
done

6. Mashruucyo Faa'iido Leh

Script 1: Backup Faylasha

#!/bin/bash
# backup.sh — Samee nuqul ka backup ah galka

GALKA_ASALKA="$HOME/Documents"
GALKA_BACKUP="$HOME/Backups"
TAARIIKH=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)

mkdir -p "$GALKA_BACKUP"
cp -r "$GALKA_ASALKA" "$GALKA_BACKUP/Documents_$TAARIIKH"
echo "✅ Backup la dhamaystiray: $GALKA_BACKUP/Documents_$TAARIIKH"

Script 2: Organize Faylasha Noockooda

#!/bin/bash
# organize.sh — Kala sooc faylasha noockooda

mkdir -p Sawirrada Videos Documents

for faylo in *; do
    if [[ "$faylo" =~ \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$ ]]; then
        mv "$faylo" Sawirrada/
    elif [[ "$faylo" =~ \.(mp4|avi|mkv)$ ]]; then
        mv "$faylo" Videos/
    elif [[ "$faylo" =~ \.(pdf|doc|txt)$ ]]; then
        mv "$faylo" Documents/
    fi
done

echo "✅ Faylasha waa la kala soocay!"

Script 3: Nidaamka Xogtiisa

#!/bin/bash
# sysinfo.sh — Macluumaadka nidaamka

echo "========================================="
echo "  📊 XOGTA NIDAAMKA"
echo "========================================="
echo "Nidaamka:    $(uname -s)"
echo "Magaca Host: $(hostname)"
echo "Adeegsadaha: $(whoami)"
echo "Taariikhda:  $(date)"
echo "Waxa jira:   $(uptime -p)"
echo "RAM Xorta:   $(free -h | awk '/^Mem:/ {print $4}')"
echo "Qeybta:      $(df -h / | awk 'NR==2 {print $4}') xor"
echo "========================================="

🎉 Hambalyo! Waxaad dhammaystirtay Casharka 5aad — Bash Scripting! Hadda waxaad qori kartaa scripts-ka si aad ugu otomaatigeyso hawlahaaga maalinlaha ah. Casharka xiga waxaad baranaysaa Functions & Modules Python-ka.

← Casharka 4aad Casharka 6aad: Functions →

Fadal Store