Barashada Python – Casharka 3aad: Variables & Data Types Af-Soomaali

Maxaad Baranaysaa Casharkaan?

Casharkaan wuxuu kagu barin doonaa mid ka mid ah fikradaha ugu muhiimsan ee programming-ka: Variables iyo Data Types. Variable waa sida sanduuq xogta loogu keydiyo. Data type waa nooca xogta ku jirta sanduuqaas.

📌 Waxaad baranaysaa: Variables sida loo sameeyo, 5 nooc oo data types ah (string, int, float, bool, list), hawlgalada aasaasiga ah, iyo sida loo isticmaalo input() si isticmaaluhu xogta u galiyo.

1. Variables — Waa maxay?

Variable waa magac aad siisay meel xusuusta (RAM) ee kompyuutarka si aad xog ugu keydisatid. Think of it like a labeled box where you store information.

# Samee variable
magac = "Axmed"
da = 22
miis = 72.5
waa_arday = True

# Print-garee
print(magac)     # Axmed
print(da)        # 22
print(miis)      # 72.5
print(waa_arday) # True

💡 Xeerarka Magacyada Variables: Bilow xarfo ama underscore (_), ma jiri karo meel bannaan, isku day inaad isticmaasho magacyo macno leh (sida da_qofka halkii x).

2. Data Types — Noocyada Xogta

Python waxay si toos ah u ogaadaa nooca xogta (type inference). Waxaa jira noocyada aasaasiga ah ee hoose:

Nooca	Magaca Python	Tusaale	Sharaxaad
Qoraal	`str`	`"Axmed"`	Qoraalka inta u dhexeysa " " ama ' '
Tiro Weyn	`int`	`22`	Tirooyin buuxa (ma jiraan xubno)
Tiro Jajab	`float`	`72.5`	Tirooyin leh xubno jajab
Run/Been	`bool`	`True`, `False`	Laba qiime keliya
Liis	`list`	`[1, 2, 3]`	Koox xogood oo urursan

Strings (Qoraalka)

magac = "Fadal Store"
magac2 = 'Python Baranaha'

# Ku daree strings (concatenation)
salaam = "Ku soo dhowow, " + magac
print(salaam)  # Ku soo dhowow, Fadal Store

# Dhererka string
print(len(magac))  # 11

# Weyn/yar
print(magac.upper())  # FADAL STORE
print(magac.lower())  # fadal store

# String formatting (f-strings) — hab cusub oo fudud
da = 22
qoraal = f"Magacaygu waa {magac} oo waxaan jiraa {da} sano"
print(qoraal)  # Magacaygu waa Fadal Store oo waxaan jiraa 22 sano

Numbers (Tirada)

# Integers
a = 10
b = 3

print(a + b)   # 13  (isugeyn)
print(a - b)   # 7   (jarrid)
print(a * b)   # 30  (xidid)
print(a / b)   # 3.33 (qeybinta — always float)
print(a // b)  # 3   (qeybinta dhuurta ah — integer)
print(a % b)   # 1   (modulo — soo celinaa baaqiga)
print(a ** b)  # 1000 (xoogga: 10^3)

# Floats
qiimaha = 3.14
print(round(qiimaha, 1))  # 3.1

Booleans (Run/Been)

run = True
been = False

# Boolean waxaa laga helaa is-barbardhigga
print(10 > 5)   # True
print(3 == 7)   # False
print(4 != 4)   # False
print(10 >= 10) # True

Lists (Liisaska)

# Samee liis
magacyada = ["Axmed", "Fadumo", "Cali", "Hodan"]
tirooyin = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
kala_duwaan = ["Python", 3, True, 9.5]

# Geli xog laga bilaabo eber (0-indexed!)
print(magacyada[0])   # Axmed
print(magacyada[1])   # Fadumo
print(magacyada[-1])  # Hodan (kan ugu dambeeya)

# Dherer liiska
print(len(magacyada))  # 4

# Ku dar xog liiska
magacyada.append("Bile")
print(magacyada)  # ["Axmed", "Fadumo", "Cali", "Hodan", "Bile"]

# Ka saar
magacyada.remove("Cali")
print(magacyada)  # ["Axmed", "Fadumo", "Hodan", "Bile"]

3. Nooca Ogaasho — type()

print(type("Axmed"))   # <class 'str'>
print(type(22))        # <class 'int'>
print(type(72.5))      # <class 'float'>
print(type(True))      # <class 'bool'>
print(type([1,2,3]))   # <class 'list'>

4. Beddelida Noocyada (Type Conversion)

# String u bedel integer
da_qoraal = "25"
da_tiro = int(da_qoraal)
print(da_tiro + 5)  # 30

# Integer u bedel string
tiro = 100
qoraal = str(tiro)
print("Qiimaha waa: " + qoraal)  # Qiimaha waa: 100

# Integer u bedel float
print(float(7))   # 7.0

5. Input — Isticmaaluhu Xog Ha Galiyo

Hawsha input() waxay kuu oggolaanaysaa inaad isticmaalaha waydiiso su'aal oo uu jawaabo.

# Waydiiso magaca
magac = input("Fadlan geli magacaaga: ")
print(f"Ku soo dhowow, {magac}!")

# Xisaabin fudud
da_qoraal = input("Intee jirtaa? ")
da = int(da_qoraal)  # Bedel integer
print(f"Sanad kale waxaad jiri doontaa {da + 1} sano!")

Mashruuc Yar: Xisaabiye Xog-Gal ah

Isku dar wixii aad baratay oo samee barnaamij yar:

# Mashruuc: BMI Calculator fudud
print("=== Xisaabiyaha BMI-ga ===")
magac = input("Magacaaga: ")
miis_qoraal = input("Miiskaaga (kg): ")
dherer_qoraal = input("Dhererkaaga (meters, e.g. 1.75): ")

miis = float(miis_qoraal)
dherer = float(dherer_qoraal)

bmi = miis / (dherer ** 2)
print(f"\n{magac}, BMI-gaagu waa: {round(bmi, 1)}")

🎉 Hambalyo! Waxaad dhammaystirtay Casharka 3aad! Hadda waxaad fahamtay variables iyo data types. Casharka xiga (Control Flow) wuxuu kuu barin doonaa sida koodhka loogu sheego inuu go'aan gaaro adoo isticmaalaya if/else iyo loops.

← Casharka 2aad Casharka 4aad: Control Flow →

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